“Energy is required to produce hydrogen,” Professor Marshall says. “Currently the best electrolysers are about 75% efficient, but they cost a lot to build and use expensive noble metals [metallic elements known for their ability to control the rates of chemical reactions].
“Anion exchange membrane electrolysers (AEMEL) use much cheaper and abundant materials, but their performance is currently very low. We aim to dramatically increase the efficiency of these low-cost electrolysers by developing more active catalysts.
Professor Marshall believes their efficiency could be boosted from 60% to 70-75% efficient, which would make them more financially viable.
He says the combined expertise of the New Zealand and German researchers, funded through MBIE’s Catalyst: New Zealand-Germany Green Hydrogen Research Partnership scheme, will allow them to achieve this and ultimately produce world-leading AEMEL technology.
Other key researchers involved include University of Canterbury Engineering Professor Daniel Holland, Associate Professor Geoff Waterhouse from University of Auckland, Senior Lecturer Kim McKelvey at Victoria University of Wellington and the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology.
The German team includes Dr Christian Immanuel Bernäcker at Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials and Professor Christina Roth, Universität Bayreuth.
Professor Marshall says a prototype electrolyser will be built at the University of Canterbury campus to demonstrate its effectiveness and he hopes it will be complete in the next two years.
“Building an electrolyser is the easy bit but understanding which material works the best is the key,” he says.
“All of the people involved in the project have complementary skills and expertise. We’ll be doing nano-scale imaging of electrochemical reactions to identify where gas is produced and understand what makes the reaction better. The findings from this could lead to further research into energy production and utilisation.”
