3. Geospatial Data Science
The field of Geospatial Data Science develops methodologies to collect, evaluate, model and visualise location-based data and spatial interactions. It is situated in geography and draws on the fields of computer and information sciences, remote sensing and imagery sciences, cartography, and statistics. We build scientific knowledge through methodical consideration of critical issues of how space is represented to inform on accuracy, uncertainty, scale, fitness for use, usability and influence on human spatial cognition. We apply these considerations to spatial data from satellite, airborne, drone, and field collection as well as novel social and environmental data through GPS-enabled devices (i.e., mobile phone and social media data) and other applications.
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The School of Earth and Environment | Te Kura Aronukurangi, tackles a range of geospatial research questions to model social patterns, physical processes, and human-environment interactions.
Research themes:
- Health, Wellbeing and Environment
Staff involved: Malcolm Campbell, Lindsey Conrow, Simon Kingham, David Conradson
We examine health and wellbeing issues to inform policy that contributes to more resilient and healthier places and communities. There are particular interests in community wellbeing, human mobility and inequalities.
- Transport and Urban Development
Staff involved: Lindsey Conrow, Simon Kingham, Vanessa Bastos
We investigate how people interact with urban environments, what impacts the built environment has on human behaviour and how the urban environment affects wellbeing. It includes working looking at transport with a focus on low carbon and active transport. Research also looks at how we human movement patterns to understand urban transportation.
- Urban and Movement Analytics
Staff involved: Vanessa Bastos, Lindsey Conrow and Malcolm Campbell
This research theme looks at the development and application of novel spatio-temporal methods to extract information from underutilised passively collected geospatial data, e.g., locational data from GPS tracking, smartphone applications and transactional records. We hope that our methods will help disseminate and create data-informed approaches for understanding and planning urban environments. Data is often referred to as the new gold because it has become a critical raw material for producing products, services and informing decisions. The vast amount of geospatial data produced daily have the potential to generate insights and fuel innovation that can help face pressing societal challenges, such as poverty, inequalities, and climate change. Inspired by the principles of DataKind and Data4Good, we envision working in close collaboration with policymakers to develop better cities and better living in Aotearoa.
- Weather and Climate Modelling and Analytics
Staff involved: Marwan Katurji, Peyman Zawar-Reza
This research theme aims at understanding weather processes at the continental, regional, and very local scale. We use observational methods such as automatic weather stations, satellite and drone based infrared imagery, and numerical modelling methods and simulations to allow us to understand complex dynamical processes happening within our troposphere. Some of our research projects involve wind turbulence for wind energy applications, air pollution dispersion modelling, climate information for environmental conservation, Antarctic meteorology and regional climate dynamics, wild-land fire weather and fire-atmospheric interactions, and machine learning applications for data analytics.
- Spatial Understanding of Environments and Navigation
Staff involved: Ioannis Delikostidis, Peyman Zawar-Reza
Ongoing work investigates human spatial cognition through mobile brain imaging with EEG (Electroencephalogram) in virtual/mixed reality and real-world situations. We aim to understand the neural correlates during various wayfinding tasks, discover methods for improving spatial skills, and when subjects experience self-transcendent moments. We assess the usability of navigation systems using immersive virtual environments and user-centred design of mobile navigation systems.
- Environmental Hazards and Management
Staff involved: Matthew Wilson, Carolynne Hultquist, Ann Brower
We draw on community engagement, earth observation and physical process modelling, and data integration techniques to understand and predict risk, vulnerability and exposure to hazards to improve decision support for humanitarian, government, community and national actors.
Staff involved: Deirdre Hart, Sarah McSweeney, Sophie Horton
The coastal zone is one of the most dynamic but heavily populated areas globally. With the impacts of sea level rise and climate change accelerating, it is important to understand coastal processes today and how they will change in future. Our research in this theme focuses on quantifying coastal processes across tidal to geological time scales – with a focus on coastal multi-hazards, wave-shoreline interactions, estuary/hapua entrance dynamics, estuary Holocene evolution, and shore platform processes. Our research provides tangible benefits to coastal managers and communities, being regularly used inform planning and policy making.
Wave Monitoring Network:
UC, in collaboration with Environment Canterbury, councils, and Port agencies, have developed the first open-source, real time ocean wave monitoring network in New Zealand:
www.canterburywaves.co.nz
We couple this with monitoring of shoreline change to develop a comprehensive understanding of coastal processes across Canterbury coast.
- Mountain and Glacial Environments
Staff involved: Heather Purdie, Peyman Zawar-Reza, Marwan Katurji, Ann Brower
This theme bridges physical and human geography to include projects such as: exploring, predicting, and managing patterns of glacier behaviour; understanding the contribution of seasonal snow and ice to downstream water resources; seeking to understanding weather and climate processes by developing and applying models of complex dynamical environmental systems; exploring ways to manage and protect NZ’s iconic braided rivers; exploring and managing land use change in New Zealand's high country environments.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xM8c4cEsQg4